Horse Nettle (Solanum carolinense)

Family: Nightshade Family (Solanaceae)

Other Names: Carolina Horsenettle, Apple of Sodom, Devils Tomato, Bull Nettle

Origin: Native

Historic First Bloom Seen: July 30*

GPS For Stand: N 39°04.461' W 84°24.926'

Interesting Facts: This plant occurs in a localized population in the meadow area of the preserve. It is often spread by deep rhizomes and can be invasive if left to its own. The berries are a great food source for many species of birds. The seeds of this plant must be digested by an animal, and as such, when the birds deficate the remains of the meal, it helps the plant with seed dispersal. This is an excellent example of a symbiotic relationship.

*Average bloom time is based on a compilation of wildflower bloom times from 1975 to present.